On August 19, 1839, the France Academy of science to the world public "photographic process with photography", photography was born. Three years later, this new technical hitch in 19th century Europe and the United States overseas expansion, together with the colonists ' boats Cannon came to China, modern China Photo Gallery and old photographs of the earliest was born around 1850.
In 1860, British and French troops under Emperor fled Beijing, the regime faced the danger of subversion at any time. Paper humiliating Treaty of Beijing Government got a chance to breathe, yesterday went into today's "friends friendship", more than 10,000 coalition troops suddenly became stranded in Beijing tourists on the street, has been closed to foreigners Portal opens in Beijing.
While coalition soldiers and officers can move freely in Beijing city, but Chinese officials insist that they could not get close to the forbidden city. On October 25, under the Prince Gong Yi 䜣, senior personnel in missions of the two countries had entered the imperial city to visit, because Prince Gong's decision, the British army photographers, Italy feilisi·bituo people photographed the historic character of Beijing imperial city in ancient times, this is the earliest history of the forbidden city.
Feilisi·bituo: the first person to shoot the forbidden city
Feilisi·bituo was born in 1832 in Venice, early moved to Corfu with his parents and later moved to the Ottoman capital Istanbul, where he took up photography in the early 1850. Because I have been involved in, including the Crimean War (1856), India revolt (1858), the second Opium War (1860), the battle of Shimonoseki (1864), DPRK war (1871), the Sudan uprising (1885), the Myanmar army mutiny (1886), most of the fighting occurred in the Near East and the far East, Bitaud became the 19th century's most famous war photographer. Of course, his photographic works are not limited to war, leaving a lot of landscape and portrait.
Bitaud left image in China (May 24, 1860)
In March 1860, Bitaud and Captain grant with the arrival of the British forces in Hong Kong, shortly before this he had just become the invasion after United Kingdom a member of the expedition. And army all the way North, arrived in Dalian Bay in late June, landing in early August by the beitang, and was filmed on August 21 after coalition forces captured the forts of dagu, a group reflecting inside the Fort after fierce fighting bloody bloody scenes of the documentary took. This photo is the world's first true battle field photography, Visual impact enough to shock the heart to the world, although the photographers, their aggression, injustice. Subsequently, Bitaud army arrived in Beijing, where he took a group photo of the forbidden city, this is the image appeared for the first time in the history of the forbidden city.
Fall of the forts of dagu, documentary photographs (August 21, 1860), Bitaud photography
Remaining feilisi·bituo the fall of 1860, photographs of the Imperial City, Beijing has great Qing gate (Lian Quan Jingzhao), Tian ' anmen jinshui bridge, Meridian Gate, Tai Gao Xuandian the practising Pavilion aerial view of the forbidden city, Jingshan (double-Quan Jingzhao), jade, jade Island South to the East of the island. The great Qing gate, gate aerial view of the forbidden city, Jingshan three relates to construction of the forbidden city, can confirm that's one of the first photos of the forbidden city, Bitaud shoot the exact time when they still need to do some research.
According to United Kingdom Envoy Earl of Eigin and France missions members kelule of description, British missions had in November 1 and 7th two times into Beijing Imperial tour, 1st of destination only limited Jingshan, and North Sea two at; 7th of visit is and France missions with, in shows constant Qi of led Xia by "Imperial South door" (kelule language) starting, through Goldwater bridge, and Tiananmen, and end door arrived forbidden city of main entrance gate. Heng qi to Palace Germans living in the Palace grounds, rejected the Corps requirements of visitors entering the Palace, but chartered them in the first courtyard of the Meridian Gate in the doorway into the forbidden city. And pedestrians around the forbidden city, Jingshan, standing on the balcony view on the wanchunting Palace, and came to Westfield, on jade Island ends this unforgettable tour.
Worth noting is that kelule November 7 Tour memories Bitaud existing Imperial photos taken strikingly consistent, as are big door--Tiananmen Square – gate – the forbidden city – order of the Jade Island, but we cannot yet conclude Bitaud took part in the tour. In 2005, the Felice Beato en Chine:Photographier la guerre en 1860 book references the Campagne de Chine Bitaud recorded 1860 book photo photographs of the imperial city was on October 29, 1860, under this time pictures of the Meridian Gate, forbidden city bird's eye view of the forbidden city (double-Quan Jingzhao), jade, jade Island South Island East four, Can we confirm Bitaud Imperial photo shoot October 29 to do? I'm afraid not as simple as that.
Jade Island East (left) and South (right), Bitaud photography
First of all, we cannot know whether record as of October 29 from the hand of Bitaud, even his hand written, has also seen the time marked in error situations. Second, in France Envoy top Gloria and walan·baoluo, more people of description in the, October 29 this days, French in is located in Xuanwu door near of Catholic Church within held has celebrates Church returned church of wish St ceremony, they coincide to note this world up has late autumn of freezing rain, but in Bitaud of photos Shang, we does see not out ground Shang has any Xia had rain of traces, especially gate a Zhang, photos Shang strongly of light compared description shooting Shi of light very sufficient, this days must is a Sun bright of sunny. Again, according to Bitaud existing Imperial photos we know his shot course has gone deep into the core area of the Imperial City, according to the coalition forces in the memories of many who, when the core of the Imperial City closed state cannot make Bitaud free to walk and take pictures, entered the Imperial City area itself is impossible. More likely is the United Kingdom Mission, accompanied by Chinese officials trip shown in the photos was completed and photographed. So, this series of photographs taken in the Beijing Treaty should be signed between the two envoys left Beijing between October 25 and November 9.
With Bitaud shooting of Imperial photos, again according to kelule of description we can do a bold restore: day Bitaud and missions members a, in China officials of led Xia from big clear door starting, followed by visit has big clear door, and thousand step Gallery, and Tiananmen, and end door, line in afternoon front stay, near glimpse see Wo door square, then bypass forbidden city boarded Jingshan, had big high Xuan Temple, by Zhi gate into North Sea, Deng jade Island Hou end trip.
We can think of is that when missions visit calmly when Bitaud carried heavy wet-plate camera and acts as a darkroom tent, every location photography, are again quite complicated to operate the filming process, these precious historical lens is needed Bitaud great hardships in order to retain in the world.
155 years ago what the forbidden city?
Great Qing gate (October 1860, 2 May-November 9th), Bitaud photo, location: North side of zhengyangmen Tower. Give mother does not knock against your human
This six-linked panoramic photos to main entrance of Imperial Qing dynasty as the Center, extended in both directions to the chongwenmen and Xuanwumen, glutinous rice between two lanes along homes residential income shot up the underpriced. Through the great Qing gate, Tiananmen Square and the Imperial ancestral temple main hall is quite conspicuous. North of the forbidden city image discernible. Can make out buildings include: swallow-winged building west of the Meridian Gate, xihua gate, Donghua gate, turrets (four visible), Yuhua building, Palace, Royal Palace Minister. Causes the shooting distance and slightly fuzzy outline of the Palace is the first taken by the camera in the history of the forbidden city image.
Meridian Gate (October 1860, 2 May-November 9th), Bitaud photo, location: Jue Zuomen South side.
This is a picture of the earliest buildings of the forbidden city. The Meridian Gate and the square in front of in the photo compared with today's changed much, just Board is kept parallel Manchu writing format. As shown in the photo, l menchongtai facade of mottled, and Ridge chiwen broken at both ends, five fenglou corridor doors missing with Hall, consecrated in the year percussion drum seems to be looming in the major ceremonies. Facing crumbling Palace gate, walan·baoluo in mind: "the Emperor's absence, no one has the right to enter the Palace, so we can only visit the part outside the forbidden city. When first built, the Palace is a luxurious, now has fallen into disrepair, and worrisome, a shabby scene. "Kelule described is more direct:" the forbidden city, all these remarks, said it was a ruin. "These members of the George Macartney mission with more than 60 years ago exactly the same view.
Aerial view of the forbidden city-the forbidden city (October 1860, 2 May-November 9th) Bitaud photo, location: enlightenment jade Island slightly East of the temple.
This is the first panoramic aerial photos of the forbidden city – the forbidden city a bird's eye view of the forbidden city (double-Quan Jingzhao). This double photo with panoramic view of the forbidden city, Jingshan, high Black Temple, and North Eastern King included, bright, environment and solemn, solemn quiet and shady trees of the garden of the forbidden city match in each other. Palace in the distance while the door shut, but row upon row of roof and mildly dark roadways makes the viewer an exotic fantasy, this photo completely over the visitors out of bounds of regret. We should be glad we did not become the fate of the old Summer Palace of the forbidden city and turned into ruins, knowing that set fire to the Palace was also an option for the Earl of Eigin, France Minister top Gloria had recommended that its burned instead of the old Summer Palace of the forbidden city, United Kingdom Prime Minister Ba Mai statue of was also lost for not dismantling of the forbidden city.
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