Brazil landmarks – the salvation of Christ.
Brazil women writers kelalisi·lisipeike flower in the short story of the egg and chicken has written an incredibly confusing sentence: "I'll start giving to you, I offer you the first, I offer you the Chinese people", with her knowledge of the mystery "Chinese people", lisipeike roses far to pay tribute to the mystery of eggs and chicken. 60 years later, when the Olympic Games held in South America for the first time, we have found that this mystery was mutual, as Brazil, China, Brazil, the Chinese people even can't say nothing, or at least know very little.
Before the opening of the media and netizens ridicule this ignorance has been exposed, but to a certain extent, at least echoes of the Rio Carnival nature of the Olympic Party. However, a complete show Brazil cultural confidence heady moments after the opening ceremony, famous scholars Xu Zidong teacher speaking in a Phoenix TV interview, exposes the Chinese intellectual circle representative for Brazil and Latin America basic ignorance of history and culture. I think that intellectuals in China may not be the case.
Xu Zidong teachers believe that Brazil's opening ceremony is very general, and on the culture of Beijing and London Olympic Games are not comparable, well neither in Sydney and Atlanta, Tokyo, may not in the future, it is because Brazil doesn't work, both poor and chaotic, no weight on the culture.
Xu Zidong teacher saw the opening Portugal people and indigenous peoples view is very unhappy, dissatisfied with opening not Portugal to massacre the circumstances of indigenous peoples, believe that Brazil is now a mess, incompetence, as well as the Sydney Olympics, MO jiaolei ups and downs of the Government to give indigenous peoples an apology would be nice.
Xu also believed that this ceremony was a little fresh concert, read and plot was too literary, and "green" theme but of Western universalism topics to follow suit, not at all representative of Brazil itself.
Brazil Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic Games opening ceremony.
Xu Zidong teachers concluded that caused all of this is the main reason: Brazil people are egotistical, possibly because the Catholic colony than United Kingdom of Protestantism. (See Phoenix news report)
I think this review should be comprehensive and objective. These eye-opening but not unexpected comments, I think, in Xu Zidong teacher remarks when its cognitive basis is mainly Spain colonists did, I thought, he was brought into the picture of the Anglo-Saxon America, directly into the "Mayflower" and "Thanksgiving" and "Western campaign".
But Brazil's history is not on the lines, the land has its own particularities.
First, the Indian civilization on this land is not like the Aztec and Inca as powerful Kingdom, "civilized" less and more scattered, confrontation is not strong. Portugal never existed such as the aiernan·keertesi, or Francisco Pizarro "conquering hero" for example.
Secondly, Portugal's colonial policy is different from Spain, and for a long time, are not cultivated, but mainly in the coastal areas to establish trading posts. It is also because Portugal is a small country, people now more than 10 million, less than half of Beijing and Shanghai, maintains a from West to East along sea lanes from four continents are hard-pressed to simply attend to colonial.
Third, the efforts of the Jesuits. Enoch Brega, represented by the Jesuits to Brazil inland, established later in Sao Paulo city, starting education and ways to protect the Indians. In order to have the Indians not to be Portugal colonial scourges, the Jesuits even tolerant attitude towards trafficking in black. Why would God choose to protect a group of people at the expense of another group of people? This is hard to hurt and the Jesuits do not wash white black.
Of course, this historical overview is very one-sided, Portugal's colonial history and in contact with Indian history is much more complex. Will not wash white colonists, is indeed a sorry Indian thing, especially when the pioneers for territorial expansion. I would like to stress that Portugal rule Brazil is totally different in North America, and even Spain colonial has a great deal of difference, the direct use of Anglo-Saxon model to apply is not suitable. Brazil are Brazil, Australia is Australia, in its treatment of Indians on this issue, Australian whites apologizing this late crocodile tears, while Brazil's Indians and Portugal people flirt really is enough.
Portugal is in the Netherlands and France clearly expressed to that coveted fertile colony of later, really started to colonial Brazil. They send the army, drove out the Netherlands who confirmed for Brazil's absolute rule. I have lots of Chinese intellectual friends, Netherlands failed occupation of Brazil still smarting, if the sovereign State is not Portugal the Catholic shit, but the Netherlands developed a Protestant country, then to Brazil's congenital condition, how come not when mixing a first world country? They deeply for Brazil regrets, grievances, like Xu Zidong teacher.
But Brazil famous scholar and historian saierjiao·BU aerke·de·aolanda (é s rgio Buarque de Holanda) will not feel regret and aggrieved, he said if it's not sloppy Portugal and Catholic culture, then Brazil would not like this today. In Brazil, he carefully compared the Portugal and the Netherlands differences between people. Netherlands hit the North, cold and heat, love of order, everywhere to build a clean city, to their own people, and especially loved the countryside, don't mess with indigenous women in particular. Portugal from the warm South, to the tropical climate adaptation, characters are not the kind of finicky, also sleep on a hammock. Portugal local hierarchy is not guarded, coupled with the large high not to Brazil, Brazil this group of people has no prejudices and intermarried with indigenous women is not a big deal. In order to breed a new race, became the next Brazil Foundation.
I also don't feel sorry, because if the Netherlands took Brazil, Brazil today is the South Africa. So face reality, I hate to remind those people who.
Xu Zidong teacher discontent opening Portugal people and looked into the eyes of indigenous peoples, what he does not know is that Brazil as a race, it was born from that view at a glance. From the Brazil independence moment, the first question is how to get a new identity, the core is to deal with the former sovereign power, Portugal the relationship between culture and local culture. Ruoze·de·alunkaer of the yilasaima as a "national" first writing attempt, giving us a romantic culture "marriage" model. That have "sweeter than honey lips, flexible figure than the EMU" Indian Princess yilasaima (Iracema,America disrupts the spell), is watching the Portugal of warriors Martin one look, and then forged a marriage. Yilasaima in a lonely position in the acute pain to give birth to their love crystals, called moaxizi, meaning "son of pain". The child is the symbol of Ceará, Brazil, painful combination of different cultures.
Brazil Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic Games opening ceremony.
Follow-up black cultural identity and integration. Now Brazil, its culture is Portugal culture, indigenous culture and comes from the Trinity of black culture in Africa. Why Australian people, apologized to indigenous peoples? Since Brazil had already closed the wounds, achieved consensus on the identity. Colonial biggest consequences caused by the colony's internal opposition, without experiencing too much tearing and against the construction of identity, which is Brazil's luck, and its contribution to world civilization. "Inclusion" has formed the national character of the country.
The theme of the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games, in addition to "green", more important is the "fusion". Brazil people use music, poetry, dance, a perfect example of this process, this is "civilized" and "savage" convinced each other between surrender. Cultural elements from various sources, blend together, forming a multi-culture wonders. This, of course, is a great contribution, is not inferior to the Greece's glory, Rome, British conservatism, liberty equality fraternity of France, especially for today's world.
Despite Brazil's indigenous and colonial rivalries between not as North American and Spanish America as violent, but massacre of indigenous and black is not white washing blot on history of slavery, however, suck the sovereign State has a "shit poet", whose name was feiernanduo·peisuoa, he wrote one, called the poetry of the words. In one of the first, he praised a waste King named Sebastian. The black sheep is anxious to restore the land of his ancestors, but was ruined by the war and the people all Foundation, also disappeared. Experience and a great deal of pain for Portugal in despair of the people finds that Sebastian will return on a foggy morning, save Portugal and his people. This is Sebastian.
Through poems Pessoa, defining it as based on false and lack of saving and perfect. I think Brazil does with scrappy sovereign there are cultural similarities, they are convinced that in all bad things can produce good fruit. Gambiarra, opening of the keywords, not just for the opening policy summary, as well as Brazil accurately describes the process of identity.
I mentioned above that refer to Brazil winning fusion process description, a little too "right". May offend those left-wing friends in my circle of friends. But I would like to say that if you want to "left" views I have. Read Brazil history, what attracted me most was the elite intellectuals continue to exceed the established culture is superior mental process of constant self-denial. Brazil's real form, not the work of one person, is not a point of view, but another product of generations of intellectuals around each other beats. Fusion bias of prejudice, also becomes the insights.
People are complex, one person may like their hair combed to the left 135, 246 like comb to the right, on Sunday into points. Such as the famous poet kaluosi·Telu mengde·de·andelade, his masterpiece and nausea at the opening ceremony were feiernande·mengtena together with Judi Dench recites a bit, then Xu Zidong teacher evaluation for this "too literary". He was very pessimistic when he was young, in order to write new words saying that sorrow, political commitment to poetry when he wrote in his later years and into metaphysics, study of life and death. Such a complex character, selected poetry of his most politically committed nature, it cannot be "literary" nature.
In this poem, my colleague Hu Xu Dong has a very good translation, because it is very long, I shall not transcribed. I wants to to Xu Zidong teacher outstanding of literature understanding force, if read to translation, will not difficult see Brazil games opening selection this first poems of intended: with a flower asphalt in the blooming of ugly spent, presents its compliments to the all wandering in with as (commodity) and abstract (blue syndrome) in of alone individual, embrace survived Yu modern world and all suppressed sex mechanism in the of all of people.
Opening of the Rio do those songs really is fresh? Let us look at xike·buaerke this song. The song, titled building itself into an outstanding building is actually a spectrum of poem. Now, I want once again to the famous Professor had read:
He built on the platform of four solid walls,
He built four magic wall on the platforms,
He built on the platform of four soft wall.
He sat down, rest, as on Saturday,
He sat down, rest, seemed to be a Prince,
He sat down to rest, like a bird.
He was floating in the air like a bird,
He was floating in the air, as if on a Saturday,
He was floating in the air, like a Prince.
He fell to the ground, into soft baggage,
He fell to the ground, shy albatross,
He fell to the ground, become a burden to be dead drunk.
He died in retrograde, freaked out lights,
He died in retrograde, scared everyone,
He died in retrograde, frightened by Saturday.
One building was destroyed. A person could not be built along their walls and climbing, but reverse falling, frightened by Saturday. Rich history is made up of individual people. Both the poetry of telumengde, also xike·buaerke songs, all individuals face the tragedy of the world is presented in front of an audience. For such a profound humanism, I cannot subscribe to the Olympic Games opening ceremony "clean" judgment.
Brazil Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic Games opening ceremony.
Xu Zidong teachers out of the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games in Sochi "war and peace" background and Brazil compared with the green theme, demonstrate Russia culture thick and Brazil light. This pretty much confirms my impression has always been: intelligentsia, particularly men older intellectuals, because of their own experiences and some kind of complex, receive only (other people's), "misery", and "Lotto" will not be pleased. In fact, I think, to see other people happy yourself with happy, this is a normal emotion. Brazil has taught me from the human scale, experience such feelings. But Brazil's cultural diversity, if you have to look for "suffering", that's not No. Lévi-Strauss could see at a glance "melancholy", we cannot do? Museum to catch elves is a tool or a blow to the
"Green" is certainly not in hot pursuit of Western universalism topics, but Brazil real demands of the people. Brazil guard the green lung of the Earth-Amazon. In the face of its economic development and the well-being of the peoples of the world, "sustainable development" is a political reality, a heavy commitment, not in front of the lens of the world posturing. When building the Itaipu hydropower plant, upstream of the famous "seven waterfalls" unfortunate victims, completion date is when they disappear. Brazil on behalf of the State, held a funeral for the seven falls, the President, members of Parliament, poets, and artists all in, send "seven waterfalls" final leg. How ridiculous! How thin! Brazil, and they actually gave falls funeral!
I now have to read poetry, Professor of Chinese, as is kaluosi·Telu mengde·de·andelade work:
Seven falls away from us to
And we did not know it.
And we did not know it to love it
Seven falls is dead
Seven waterfall disappearing in the air
Seven ghost
The seven deadly sins
Life, gone too soon
Will never come back again.
That's the beauty of poetry. Memories, bearing in mind that, raising hopes and summoning ghosts. They wrote, read the feiernande·mengtena and Judi Dench in the opening scene, we translate, not thin lines, but sacrifice and selection: the people's choice, sacrifice human choice and human sacrifice. We live on Earth with such limited resources, some people are doomed to make sacrifices for others. What human sacrifice? What to sacrifice? Our actions today can afford to fit once the sacrifice? Poetry will inadvertently reminded.
This is the function of music. Samba, Bossa Nova, started the fight for freedom-individual freedom and freedom of expression – the struggle, both form and content, bringing their own struggle and revolutionary. Why such revolutionary Bossa Nova in the world, mostly in East Asia, evolved into the "clean"?
But there is one thing, Xu Zidong teacher was not wrong. Brazil is not a world power, but rather a regional country. I never want to white wash Brazil confusion that the Olympics Brazil naked in front of the peoples of the world the plight of, the economic crisis and political chaos of the moment, in part because Brazil has overestimated its strength as a result of policy failures. Applications for World Cup and Olympic Games with Brazil to be affirmed in the world. World-wide outpouring of mockery, is Brazil paid the price. However, when we see the opening ceremonies, Brazil people Gambiarra self-deprecating attitude to face world challenges, we know that Brazil already pricked the dream awake. I think this area is fifth in the world, the population of the territory the world's fifth country, an economy the world's sixth, finally may have the opportunity to assume the responsibility they can't take power.
The Olympic Games exposed the lack of understanding between the two countries. With third-world countries, Brazil faces some difficulties, China is also facing. Their mutual black rather than empathy. Also, if our future development needs Brazil's iron ore and oil, if we want to sell communications equipment and high-speed technology to Brazil, we need more and deeper understanding of the history and status of the national spirit and general acceptance. It requires humility, prudence and courage. Bounty of Brazil with the hardworking Chinese, understand themselves and each other, reflect on the past, took the right decision, should work together to have a good future. Of course, they also need to God's favor.
(The writer is West of Peking University Associate Professor of Portuguese and lusophone literature researcher, translator. ）
